| Artist | Circle of Raphael |
|---|---|
| Year | 1520-24 |
| Type | Fresco |
| Location | Apostolic Palace, Vatican City |
The Vision of the Cross is a painting made between 1520 and 1524 by assistants of the Italian renaissance artist Raphael. After the master's death in 1520, Gianfrancesco Penni, Giulio Romano and Raffaellino del Colle from Raphael's workshop worked together to finish the commission to decorate with frescoes the rooms that are now known as the Stanze di Raffaello, in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican.
The Vision of the Cross is located in the Sala di Costantino ("Hall of Constantine"). In the painting, emperor Constantine I is seen just before the Battle of the Milvian Bridge on October 28, 312. According to legend, a cross appeared to Constantine in the sky, after which he adopted the Latin motto "In hoc signo vinces" ("In this sign you shall conquer"). In the fresco, the words are written in Greek: "Εν τούτῳ νίκα" ("By this, conquer").
This Mannerist painting is a crowded and confused melee and melange of images, including a dragon, a dwarf, two popes, and various symbols. Proportions among the soldiers appear confused, with some dwarfed by more distant figures.